Regents Chemistry – NYS Chemistry – The Source for Regents Chemistry Review

Base your answers to questions 13, 14 and 15 on the information below:

A laboratory worker filled a bottle with a hydrochloric acid solution. Another bottle was filled with methanol, while a third bottle was filled with a sodium hydroxide solution. However, the worker neglected to label each bottle. After a few days, the worker could not remember which liquid was in each bottle. The worker needed to identify the liquid in each bottle. The bottles were labeled A, B, and C. Using materials found in the lab (indicators, conductivity apparatus, and pieces of Mg metal), the worker tested samples of liquid from each bottle. The test results are shown in the table below.

Table of Tests and Results

Test	Test Results
Test	Bottle A	Bottle B	Bottle C
Methyl orange indicator	Yellow	Yellow	Yellow
Bromthymol blue indicator	Blue	Green	Yellow
Electrical conductivity	Conductor	Nonconductor	Conductor
Reactivity with Magnesium metal	No reaction	No reaction	Reaction

1.Regents Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.

Pure chemistry is chemistry done for the sake of gaining new information. An example would be any type of research, such as an analytical chemist determining the composition of an unknown compound, or a biochemist determining the chemical structure of a newly discovered virus.

Applied chemistry is chemistry done to improve our lives. It does not discover new information about chemistry, but makes practical use of existing chemical knowledge. An example would be manufacturing rayon or nylon (synthetic fibers) and producing clothes.
2. The five divisions of chemistry are

a. organic chemistry – the study of carbon based compounds – includes plastics, rubbers, petroleum products and many synthetic fibers – rayon, nylon etc.

b. inorganic chemistry – the study of compounds which do not contain carbon – acids, bases, salts etc.

c. analytical chemistry – studies the composition of substances – used extensively in research and forensics

d. physical chemistry – determines and describe the physical structure of matter to explain why it behaves the way it does

e. biochemistry – studies the composition and the changes in composition of the matter which makes up living things

3. Two basic assumptions that make the endeavor of science possible are

a. the world is uniform – the laws of nature are consistent over space and time

b. humans have the capacity for understanding the world

NYS Chemistry – The Source for Regents Chemistry Review

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